Forces are pushes or pulls that cause objects to move, stop, or change direction. Motion refers to the movement of an object. Newton?s Laws of Motion explain how forces interact with objects. The first law, known as inertia, states that an object will stay at rest or continue moving at a constant speed unless acted upon by an external force. The second law relates force, mass, and acceleration using the formula F = ma. The third law states that every action has an equal and opposite reaction. Friction is a force that resists motion when two surfaces rub against each other. Gravity is another force that pulls objects toward the center of Earth. Understanding forces and motion helps us design better vehicles, improve safety equipment, and understand natural phenomena like earthquakes and tides.